Temporal changes in mean z scores for waist circumference and waist:height ratio
| Variable | Measurement; change in mean z score (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Waist circumference | Weight:height ratio | |||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | |
| Intercept | −0.07 (−0.13 to −0.01) | −0.30 (−0.36 to −0.24) | ||
| 2012/13 survey (v. 2009–2011) | 0.24 (0.17 to 0.29) | 0.13 (0.05 to 0.21) | 0.24 (0.18 to 0.30) | 0.14 (0.06 to 0.22) |
| Older children (v. toddlers)† | 0.03 (−0.06 to 0.12) | 0.04 (−0.05 to 0.12) | −0.13 (−0.23 to −0.04) | −0.13 (−0.22 to −0.04) |
| Female (v. male) | −0.13 (−0.19 to −0.07) | −0.24 (−0.32 to −0.15) | −0.09 (−0.15 to −0.03) | −0.19 (−0.27 to −0.11) |
| Nonwhite (v. white) | 0.00 (−0.06 to 0.06) | −0.02 (−0.08 to 0.04) | 0.01 (−0.06 to 0.07) | −0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) |
| Stratified by sex | ||||
| 2012/13 survey | ||||
| Male | 0.10 (0.06 to 0.21) | 0.13 (0.05 to 0.22) | 0.14 (0.06 to 0.23) | 0.15 (0.06 to 0.23) |
| Female | 0.34 (0.26 to 0.42) | 0.34 (0.26 to 0.42) | 0.34 (0.26 to 0.43) | 0.34 (0.26 to 0.42) |
Note: CI = confidence interval.
↵* Adjusted for survey cycle, age, sex, race/ethnicity and sex:survey interaction. To clarify the interaction, the adjusted model was stratified by sex, with the survey effect shown in the lower portion of the table for comparison. Unadjusted results are from univariate analyses with covariates age, sex, race/ethnicity, survey cycle and sex:survey interaction.
↵† See Methods for definitions.