Trait | Group; mean score (95% confidence interval) | |
---|---|---|
General population | Health care | |
Narcissism* | 15.9 (14.8–16.0) | 12.0 (11.3–12.7) |
Machiavellianism† | 56.6 (55.6–58.2) | 53.0 (51.9–54.1) |
Psychopathy‡ | 52.6 (51.2–54.0) | 44.7 (43.8–45.6) |
Primary | 33.4 (32.6–34.2) | 26.4 (25.7–27.1) |
Secondary | 19.1 (18.4–19.8) | 18.4 (18.0–18.8) |
↵* Narcissistic Personality Inventory:7 scored 0–40. The higher the score, the higher the level of narcissism.
↵† MACH-IV:12 scored 20–100. The higher the score, the higher the level of Machiavellianism.
↵‡ Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale:13 scored 26–104. The higher the score, the higher the level of psychopathy.