Variable | Body site; OR (95% CI) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All sites | Skeleton | Thorax | Abdomen or pelvis | Other | |
Patient-related factors | |||||
Age at diagnosis, yr | |||||
< 40 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
40–49 | 0.79 (0.54–1.16) | 0.72 (0.55–0.95) | 0.86 (0.64–1.14) | 0.72 (0.55–0.93) | 1.03 (0.68–1.56) |
50–59 | 0.77 (0.53–1.12) | 0.69 (0.53–0.89) | 0.84 (0.64–1.11) | 0.62 (0.48–0.81) | 0.92 (0.61–1.39) |
60–69 | 0.68 (0.47–0.98) | 0.60 (0.46–0.79) | 0.83 (0.63–1.10) | 0.49 (0.38–0.64) | 0.76 (0.50–1.16) |
70–79 | 0.59 (0.40–0.86) | 0.46 (0.35–0.60) | 0.70 (0.52–0.93) | 0.40 (0.31–0.53) | 0.69 (0.44–1.08) |
> 80 | 0.33 (0.22–0.48) | 0.24 (0.18–0.32) | 0.45 (0.34–0.61) | 0.21 (0.16–0.27) | 0.39 (0.23–0.68) |
Socioeconomic status, by income quintile | |||||
1 (lowest) | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
2 | 0.76 (0.64–0.90) | 0.92 (0.8–1.05) | 0.95 (0.83–1.10) | 1.00 (0.88–1.14) | 0.83 (0.62–1.10) |
3 | 0.78 (0.66–0.93) | 0.93 (0.82–1.06) | 0.95 (0.82–1.10) | 1.04 (0.91–1.18) | 0.79 (0.59–1.05) |
4 | 0.86 (0.72–1.02) | 0.94 (0.83–1.07) | 0.95 (0.82–1.09) | 0.91 (0.80–1.04) | 0.96 (0.73–1.26) |
5 (highest) | 0.79 (0.67–0.93) | 0.96 (0.85–1.10) | 0.83 (0.73–0.96) | 0.97 (0.85–1.10) | 0.86 (0.65–1.13) |
Charlson comorbidity score | |||||
0 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
1–2 | 1.11 (0.92–1.33) | 0.98 (0.84–1.13) | 1.12 (0.96–1.32) | 0.95 (0.83–1.10) | 1.55 (1.12–2.14) |
≥ 3 | 1.74 (1.34–2.25) | 1.64 (1.39–1.94) | 1.55 (1.28–1.88) | 1.59 (1.36–1.87) | 1.65 (1.23–2.23) |
Rurality of residence at diagnosis | |||||
Urban | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Rural | 1.05 (0.86–1.28) | 0.87 (0.75–1.01) | 1.02 (0.86–1.21) | 1.01 (0.87–1.18) | 0.86 (0.58–1.28) |
Disease-related factors | |||||
Stage | |||||
I | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
II | 1.92 (1.68–2.19) | 2.24 (2.03–2.47) | 1.57 (1.41–1.75) | 1.78 (1.62–1.96) | 1.14 (0.91–1.43) |
Histology | |||||
Ductal | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Lobular | 1.19 (0.96–1.48) | 1.25 (1.06–1.47) | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) | 0.95 (0.81–1.11) | 0.87 (0.57–1.32) |
Mixed/other | 0.96 (0.85–1.08) | 1.09 (0.99–1.20) | 0.91 (0.82–1.00) | 0.96 (0.88–1.06) | 0.84 (0.67–1.07) |
Tumour grade | |||||
1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
2 | 1.21 (1.07–1.37) | 1.29 (1.17–1.42) | 1.19 (1.07–1.33) | 1.30 (1.18–1.43) | 0.99 (0.76–1.28) |
3 | 1.67 (1.41–1.98) | 1.63 (1.44–1.86) | 1.60 (1.38–1.84) | 1.53 (1.34–1.74) | 1.29 (0.96–1.73) |
Missing | 0.88 (0.72–1.07) | 1.03 (0.87–1.22) | 0.93 (0.78–1.11) | 1.02 (0.86–1.21) | 0.79 (0.49–1.27) |
HER2 status | |||||
Positive | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Negative | 1.60 (1.27–2.02) | 1.58 (1.35–1.86) | 1.58 (1.32–1.90) | 1.57 (1.34–1.84) | 3.53 (2.78–4.48) |
Axillary lymph node involvement | |||||
No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 2.01 (1.56–2.60) | 1.94 (1.64–2.29) | 1.82 (1.51–2.21) | 1.96 (1.67–2.30) | 0.98 (0.72–1.34) |
Lymph or vascular invasion | |||||
No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 1.29 (1.07–1.55) | 1.22 (1.07–1.39) | 1.24 (1.07–1.43) | 1.24 (1.09–1.40) | 0.91 (0.72–1.15) |
Triple-negative disease | |||||
No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 1.43 (1.16–1.76) | 1.27 (1.10–1.48) | 1.47 (1.24–1.74) | 1.56 (1.35–1.80) | 1.71 (1.31–2.25) |
Preoperative breast US | |||||
No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 1.65 (1.34–2.02) | 1.44 (1.20–1.72) | 1.63 (1.36–1.96) | 1.62 (1.35–1.93) | 1.67 (1.00–2.79) |
Preoperative breast MRI | |||||
No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 1.08 (0.94–1.25) | 1.17 (1.05–1.31) | 1.02 (0.91–1.15) | 1.10 (0.98–1.22) | 0.95 (0.76–1.19) |
Surgery type | |||||
BCS | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Non-BCS | 1.39 (1.22–1.58) | 1.29 (1.17–1.42) | 1.27 (1.14–1.42) | 1.42 (1.29–1.56) | 1.13 (0.93–1.39) |
System-related factors | |||||
Hospital type where surgery performed | |||||
Academic | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Community | 2.02 (1.78–2.28) | 2.02 (1.83–2.23) | 2.12 (1.91–2.36) | 2.23 (2.02–2.46) | 0.99 (0.79–1.23) |
LHIN* | |||||
LHIN 3 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
LHIN 1 v. 3 | 5.13 (3.73–7.06) | 2.50 (1.96–3.19) | 7.49 (5.68–9.86) | 5.33 (4.17–6.82) | 0.64 (0.32–1.27) |
LHIN 2 v. 3 | 3.04 (2.34–3.95) | 1.25 (1.00–1.56) | 4.22 (3.35–5.32) | 2.78 (2.21–3.50) | 0.84 (0.46–1.54) |
LHIN 4 v. 3 | 3.79 (2.94–4.88) | 1.38 (1.11–1.71) | 5.66 (4.52–7.08) | 2.30 (1.85–2.86) | 0.77 (0.43–1.40) |
LHIN 5 v. 3 | 2.09 (1.58–2.75) | 1.77 (1.39–2.26) | 2.92 (2.28–3.74) | 3.75 (2.93–4.80) | 1.41 (0.78–2.53) |
LHIN 6 v. 3 | 3.00 (2.34–3.86) | 1.13 (0.91–1.39) | 4.21 (3.37–5.25) | 1.93 (1.56–2.40) | 1.71 (1.02–2.88) |
LHIN 7 v. 3 | 3.14 (2.43–4.06) | 2.06 (1.65–2.58) | 4.04 (3.23–5.06) | 4.38 (3.49–5.50) | 1.76 (1.02–3.01) |
LHIN 8 v. 3 | 5.32 (4.14–6.85) | 3.88 (3.13–4.80) | 6.02 (4.86–7.46) | 8.80 (7.08–10.94) | 1.51 (0.91–2.52) |
LHIN 9 v. 3 | 3.33 (2.62–4.24) | 2.61 (2.12–3.22) | 4.13 (3.35–5.10) | 5.20 (4.21–6.43) | 2.10 (1.28–3.44) |
LHIN 10 v. 3 | 2.41 (1.80–3.22) | 1.96 (1.51–2.54) | 3.30 (2.54–4.28) | 4.12 (3.17–5.35) | 5.62 (3.31–9.54) |
LHIN 11 v. 3 | 4.81 (3.63–6.38) | 2.84 (2.25–3.59) | 5.89 (4.63–7.49) | 7.12 (5.61–9.04) | 1.00 (0.55–1.79) |
LHIN 12 v. 3 | 3.11 (2.23–4.32) | 2.90 (2.19–3.84) | 3.54 (2.68–4.68) | 4.84 (3.68–6.37) | 0.62 (0.28–1.40) |
LHIN 13 v. 3 | 3.22 (2.40–4.34) | 1.38 (1.08–1.77) | 4.95 (3.80–6.43) | 3.28 (2.55–4.22) | 0.66 (0.32–1.35) |
LHIN 14 v. 3 | 7.61 (4.61–12.60) | 1.94 (1.37–2.75) | 10.87 (7.12–16.6) | 6.57 (4.61–9.37) | 0.90 (0.35–2.34) |
Note: BCS = breast-conserving surgery, CI = confidence interval, HER2 = human epidermal receptor-2, LHIN = Local Health Integration Network, MRI = magnetic resonance imaging, OR = odds ratio, US = ultrasonography.
↵* LHINs: 1 = Erie St. Clair, 2 = South West, 3 = Waterloo Wellington, 4 = Hamilton Niagara Haldimand Brant, 5 = Central West, 6 = Mississauga Halton, 7 = Toronto Central, 8 = Central, 9 = Central East, 10 = South East, 11 = Champlain, 12 = North Simcoe Muskoka, 13 = North East, 14 = North West.