Baseline characteristics of patients included in a study of access to care for premature acute coronary syndrome
| Characteristic | Sex; no. (%) of patients* | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women n = 362 | Men n = 761 | ||
| Sociodemographic | |||
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 50 (7) | 49 (8) | 0.8 |
| White ethnicity | 322 (89) | 660 (87) | 0.3 |
| Married | 170 (47) | 388 (51) | 0.2 |
| Low household annual income (< $50 000)† | 146 (48) | 186 (29) | < 0.001 |
| Clinical | |||
| Significant depression (HADS subscale score ≥ 8) | 102 (28) | 158 (21) | 0.01 |
| Significant anxiety (HADS subscale score ≥ 8) | 195 (54) | 279 (37) | < 0.001 |
| Postmenopausal | 181 (50) | NA | |
| Previous cardiovascular events | 105 (29) | 141 (19) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of cardiovascular disease | 100 (28) | 150 (20) | 0.003 |
| Obesity | 155 (43) | 299 (39) | 0.3 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 85 (23) | 107 (14) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 196 (54) | 427 (56) | 0.5 |
| Hypertension | 198 (55) | 346 (45) | 0.004 |
| Smoking | 156 (43) | 293 (39) | 0.1 |
| Characteristics at presentation | |||
| Absence of chest pain at ACS presentation | 70 (19) | 116 (15) | 0.1 |
| Delay between onset of pain and arrival in emergency department, h (median, IQR) | 4 (9) | 3.5 (8) | 0.3 |
| STEMI | 174 (48) | 478 (63) | < 0.001 |
| NSTEMI | 139 (38) | 225 (30) | 0.003 |
| Unstable angina | 40 (11) | 42 (6) | < 0.001 |
| Gender-related characteristics | |||
| Femininity, Bem score, mean ± SD | 6.0 ± 0.8 | 5.5 ± 0.9 | < 0.001 |
| Masculinity, Bem score, mean ± SD | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 5.3 ± 0.9 | < 0.001 |
| Currently employed | 242 (67) | 640 (84) | < 0.001 |
| PSSS score, mean ± SD | 5.6 ± 2.0 | 6.1 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 |
| Housework responsibility | 279 (77) | 211 (28) | < 0.001 |
| Postsecondary education | 197 (54) | 490 (64) | 0.001 |
| Low perceived social support (based on ESSI score) | 99 (27) | 184 (24) | 0.3 |
Note: ACS = acute coronary syndrome, Bem = Bem Sex RoIe inventory (score from 1 to 7 for both femininity and masculinity),11 ESSI = ENRICHD (Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Patients) Social Support Instrument (score from 5 to 25, with scores ≤ 18 indicating low social support),13 HADS = Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (score from 0 to 21),10 IQR = interquartile range, NA = not applicable, NSTEMI = non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, PSSS = McArthur Perceived Social Standing Scale12 (score from 1 to 10), SD = standard deviation, STEMI = ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
↵* Except where indicated otherwise.
↵† Data for this variable were missing for 56 women and 122 men; therefore, n = 306 for women and n = 639 for men.