Clinical outcomes, by frailty status
| Outcome | Group; no. (%)of patients* | Association, OR (95% CI) or difference in medians (p value†) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Frail n = 138 | Not frail n = 283 | ||
| Adverse event‡ | 54 (39.1) | 83 (29.3) | 1.54 (1.01–2.37) |
| Death | |||
| In ICU | 16 (11.6) | 27 (9.5) | 1.37 (0.72–2.62) |
| In hospital | 44 (31.9) | 45 (15.9) | 1.81 (1.09–3.01) |
| Duration of stay, d, median (IQR) | |||
| In ICU | 7 (4–13) | 6 (3–10) | 1 d (0.02) |
| In hospital | 30 (10–64) | 18 (10–40) | 12 d (0.02) |
| Discharge disposition§ | n = 91 | n = 235 | |
| Home, living independently | 20 (22.0) | 104 (44.3) | 0.35 (0.20–0.61) |
| Home, living with help | 33 (36.3) | 58 (24.7) | 1.67 (1.00–2.81) |
| Other¶ | 38 (41.8) | 73 (31.1) | 1.51 (0.92–2.48) |
| Discharged newly dependent** | 24 (70.6) | 96 (51.6) | 2.25 (1.03–4.89) |
| Hospital readmission§ | 51 (56.0) | 92 (39.1) | 1.98 (1.22–3.23) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, ICU = intensive care unit, OR = odds ratio.
↵* Unless stated otherwise.
↵† Mann–Whitney test.
↵‡ Composite of medication errors, self-extubation/reintubation, nosocomial infection, death.
↵§ Among 91 frail and 235 nonfrail patients for whom data on discharge disposition and on hospital readmission within 12 mo after discharge could be ascertained (data missing, n = 1 per group; in hospital at end of follow-up, n = 2 per group).
↵¶ Continuing care facility, subacute care facility or other.
↵** Among 34 frail and 186 nonfrail patients who were living independently at baseline.