Table 1:

Characteristics of term infants in study population

InfantAge, wkSexMode of deliveryPremature rupture of membranes > 24 hGroup B streptococcal cultureBreastfeeding at time of fecal samplingUse of antibiotics
Mother (timing)Infant (age)
Vaginal delivery, not breastfeeding
A23FVaginalNoNoNoneCephalexin (31 WG)Mother could not recall
B18FVaginalNoYesNonePenicillin G (labour)None
C22FVaginalNoNoNoneNoneMother could not recall
D15FVaginalYesNoNoneNoneAmpicillin and gentamicin (2 d)
E13MVaginalNoYesNoneAzithromycin (20 WG); Penicillin G (labour)None
F23MVaginalNoUnknownNoneUnknownNone
G16MVaginalNoYesNonePenicillin G (labour)None
Vaginal delivery, breastfeeding
H14FVaginalNoNoExclusiveNoneNone
I17FVaginalYesNoPartialNoneNone
J15MVaginalNoUnknownExclusiveAmpicillin (after delivery)None
K18MVaginalNoNoExclusiveNoneNone
L15MVaginalNoNoExclusiveNoneNone
M21FVaginalNoYesPartialNoneNone
N11FVaginalNoNoPartialNoneNone
O20FVaginalNoNoExclusiveNoneNone
P19FVaginalNoNoExclusiveNoneNone
Q21FVaginalYesNoExclusiveNoneNone
R20MVaginalNoNoExclusiveNoneNone
Cesarean delivery, not breastfeeding
S17FCesarean, EMNoNoNoneCefazolin (preop); cefazolin and metronidazole (postop)None
T14MCesarean, EMNoNoNoneCefazolin (postop)None
Cesarean delivery, breastfeeding
U15MCesarean, ELNoUnknownPartialCefazolin (preop)Amoxicillin (6 wk)
V18MCesarean, ELNoUnknownExclusiveCephalexin (postop)None
W18MCesarean, EMNoYesPartialPenicillin G (labour)None
X16MCesarean, ELNoNoExclusiveClindamycin (preop)Amoxicillin (12 wk)
  • Note: EL = elective, EM = emergency, preop = preoperatively, postop = postoperatively, WG = weeks gestation.