Serum PAPP-A levels by attributes of medical history and medication use
| Factor | Serum PAPP-A level, mean ± SD | p value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Factor absent | Factor present | ||
| Medical history | |||
| Family history of heart disease | 24.3 ± 54.8 | 26.0 ± 30.3 | 0.04 |
| Hypertension | 24.4 ± 25.8 | 24.7 ± 54.8 | 0.2 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 25.2 ± 53.6 | 21.7 ± 22.8 | 0.2 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 23.3 ± 26.5 | 25.4 ± 59.6 | 0.6 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 25.2 ± 58.4 | 23.6 ± 29.4 | 0.1 |
| Current smoker | 24.8 ± 61.2 | 24.4 ± 27.2 | 0.1 |
| Medication use | |||
| ASA | 24.6 ± 29.0 | 24.7 ± 60.5 | 0.2 |
| Clopidogrel | 24.9 ± 58.9 | 24.4 ± 27.6 | 0.4 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 24.4 ± 29.7 | 24.9 ± 62.5 | 0.96 |
| Beta-blocker | 25.3 ± 30.3 | 24.4 ± 60.4 | 0.04 |
| Statin | 26.9 ± 71.7 | 22.9 ± 25.2 | 0.2 |
| Calcium-channel blocker | 27.0 ± 70.6 | 26.0 ± 32.9 | 0.8 |
| Diuretic | 27.7 ± 80.3 | 25.4 ± 27.9 | 0.97 |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 26.8 ± 66.2 | 27.5 ± 24.9 | 0.3 |
Note: ACE = angiotensin-converting enzyme, ARB = angiotensin-receptor blocker, ASA = acetylsalicylic acid, PAPP-A = pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, SD = standard deviation.
↵* Student t-test.