Characteristics of patients with available outcome data, before and after intervention
| Characteristic | Before intervention, % (no. of patients)* | After intervention, % (no. of patients)* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental group n = 402 | Control group n = 424 | Experimental group n = 361 | Control group n = 389 | |
| Age, yr, mean ± SD | 68.6 ± 15.3 | 66.3 ± 15.7 | 68.0 ± 14.8 | 67.8 ± 16.4 |
| Sex, male | 240 (59.7) | 274 (64.6) | 218 (60.4) | 220 (56.6) |
| No. of comorbid illnesses, median (range) | 2.0 (0–10) | 2.0 (0–7) | 3.0 (0–8) | 2.0 (0–9) |
| Inpatient onset of bleeding | 106 (26.4) | 58 (13.7) | 71 (19.7) | 69 (17.7) |
| Rockall score recorded | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) |
| Blatchford score† | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Presence of initial hemodynamic instability | 110 (27.4) | 129 (30.4) | 134 (37.1) | 113 (29.1) |
| Bleeding site: stomach | 211 (52.5) | 246 (58.0) | 191 (52.9) | 222 (57.1) |
| Bleeding stigmata identified at endoscopy | ||||
| High-risk lesion | 177 (44.0) | 186 (43.9) | 153 (42.4) | 144 (37.0) |
| Active bleeding | 75 (18.7) | 83 (19.6) | 65 (18.0) | 63 (16.2) |
| Adherent clot | 48 (11.9) | 46 (10.9) | 42 (11.6) | 37 (9.5) |
| Nonbleeding visible vessel | 54 (13.4) | 57 (13.4) | 46 (12.7) | 44 (11.3) |
| Low-risk lesion | 225 (56.0) | 238 (56.1) | 208 (57.6) | 245 (63.0) |
| Clean base ulcer | 176 (43.8) | 199 (46.9) | 182 (50.4) | 208 (53.5) |
| Nonprotuberant pigmented dot | 49 (12.2) | 39 (9.2) | 26 (7.2) | 37 (9.5) |