Characteristics of women enrolled in the South Community Birth Program and matched controls who received standard maternity care
| Characteristic | Group; no. (%) of women* | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth program n = 1238 | Standard care n = 1238 | ||
| Age, yr | 1.0 | ||
| 14–19 | 15 (1.2) | 11 (0.9) | |
| 20–24 | 115 (9.3) | 109 (8.8) | |
| 25–29 | 311 (25.1) | 312 (25.2) | |
| 30–34 | 447 (36.1) | 452 (36.5) | |
| 35–39 | 293 (23.7) | 296 (23.9) | |
| ≥ 40 | 57 (4.6) | 58 (4.7) | |
| Nulliparous | 830 (67.0) | 830 (67.0) | 1.0 |
| Smoker | 39 (3.2) | 38 (3.1) | 0.9 |
| Alcohol use | 1 (0.1) | 3 (0.2) | 0.3 |
| Other substance use | 7 (0.6) | 14 (1.1) | 0.2 |
| Hypertension | |||
| Pregnancy-induced | 66 (5.3) | 66 (5.3) | 1.0 |
| Pre-existing | 8 (0.6) | 16 (1.3) | 0.1 |
| Diabetes | |||
| Gestational | 56 (4.5) | 98 (7.9) | < 0.001 |
| Pre-existing | 2 (0.2) | 10 (0.8) | 0.02 |
| Previous cesarean delivery | 75 (6.1) | 105 (8.5) | 0.02 |
| Gestational age at entry to prenatal care, wk, mean ± SD | 10.7 ± 5.6 | 10.9 ± 5.2 | 0.4 |
| Primary caregiver | |||
| Midwife | 792 (64.0) | 143 (11.6) | < 0.001 |
| Family physician | 423 (34.2) | 456 (36.8) | 0.3 |
| Obstetrician | 23 (1.9) | 639 (51.6) | < 0.001 |
| Delivery by | |||
| Midwife | 517 (41.9) | 92 (7.4) | < 0.001 |
| Family physician | 281 (22.7) | 284 (22.9) | 0.9 |
| Obstetrician | 440 (35.5) | 862 (69.6) | < 0.001 |
Note: SD = standard deviation.
↵* Unless stated otherwise.