Significant factors associated with the likelihood of PCI being performed instead of CABG surgery among patients who underwent revascularizion*
| Factor | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|
| Patient | ||
| Age, yr (v. 65–74) | ||
| < 50 | 1.4 (0.9–2.0) | 0.11 |
| 50–64 | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 0.29 |
| ≥ 75 | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) | < 0.001 |
| Female (v. male) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 0.003 |
| Cardiac history and risk factors | ||
| Diabetes (v. no diabetes) | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) | 0.01 |
| Previous PCI (v. no previous PCI) | 1.6 (1.2–2.2) | 0.002 |
| Coronary anatomy (v. 3-vessel disease) | ||
| 1 vessel | 37.5 (27.9–50.4) | < 0.001 |
| 2 vessels | 5.6 (4.5–7.0) | < 0.001 |
| Left main artery | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | < 0.001 |
| Prior CABG | 30.1 (18.7–48.6) | < 0.001 |
| Clinical indication (v. elective stable coronary artery disease) | ||
| Unstable angina | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.68 |
| Non-ST-segment elevation MI | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 0.02 |
| Non-emergent ST-segment elevation MI | 1.6 (1.0–2.5) | 0.04 |
| Emergent ST-segment elevation MI | 7.8 (5.1–11.7) | < 0.001 |
| Physician | ||
| Interventional (v. non-interventional) cardiologist | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 0.01 |
| Hospital | ||
| PCI:CABG ratio (v. low ratio [< 2.0]) | ||
| Low–medium (2.0–2.7) | 1.4 (0.9–2.1) | 0.16 |
| Medium–high (2.8–3.2) | 2.1 (1.3–3.1) | < 0.001 |
| High (> 3.2) | 3.1 (2.0–4.9) | < 0.001 |
Note: CABG = coronary artery bypass graft, CI = confidence interval, MI = myocardial infarction, PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention.
↵* The C-statistic for the model was 0.90. This analysis excludes patients for whom type of cardiologist was missing.