Sociodemographic characteristics of the children and adolescents included in the study sample, stratified by household food insecurity status
| Characteristic | No. (%) of participants* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total n = 32 321 | Food-secure n = 27 105 | Marginally food-insecure n = 1952 | Moderately food-insecure n = 2348 | Severely food-insecure n = 916 | |
| Age at interview, yr, mean ± SD | 9.5 ± 4.8 | 9.6 ± 4.8 | 9.1 ± 4.9 | 9.4 ± 4.8 | 9.0 ± 4.8 |
| Sex, female | 15 821 (48.9) | 13 233 (48.8) | 965 (49.4) | 1149 (48.9) | 474 (51.7) |
| Rural residence | 6705 (20.7) | 5652 (20.9) | 410 (21.0) | 434 (18.5) | 209 (22.8) |
| Racial group† | |||||
| White | 24 696 (76.4) | 21 232 (78.3) | 1343 (68.8) | 1507 (64.2) | 614 (67.0) |
| Black | 892 (2.8) | 571 (2.1) | 110 (5.6) | 151 (6.4) | 60 (6.6) |
| East or Southeast Asian | 1176 (3.6) | 1026 (3.8) | 59 (3.0) | 80 (3.4) | 11 (1.2) |
| West Asian or Arabic | 345 (1.1) | 243 (0.9) | 41 (2.1) | 50 (2.1) | 11 (1.2) |
| South Asian | 1019 (3.2) | 812 (3.0) | 100 (5.1) | 90 (3.8) | 17 (1.9) |
| Latin American | 272 (0.8) | 205 (0.8) | 15 (0.8) | 41 (1.7) | 11 (1.2) |
| Other | 4362 (13.5) | 3362 (12.4) | 327 (16.8) | 462 (19.7) | 211 (23.0) |
| Maternal migrant status | |||||
| Recent migrant (< 10 yr) | 745 (2.3) | 568 (2.1) | 87 (4.5) | 72 (3.1) | 18 (2.0) |
| Settled migrant (10–19 yr) | 1812 (5.6) | 1426 (5.3) | 148 (7.6) | 202 (8.6) | 36 (3.9) |
| General population | 29 764 (92.1) | 25 111 (92.6) | 1717 (88.0) | 2074 (88.3) | 862 (94.1) |
| Maternal mental health visit in previous year‡ | 6606 (20.4) | 5078 (18.7) | 502 (25.7) | 704 (30.0) | 322 (35.2) |
| Maternal substance use visit in previous year‡ | 249 (0.8) | 159 (0.6) | 27 (1.4) | 37 (1.6) | 26 (2.8) |
| Single-parent household | |||||
| Yes | 5059 (15.7) | 3238 (11.9) | 519 (26.6) | 846 (36.0) | 456 (49.8) |
| No | 24 688 (76.4) | 21 781 (80.4) | 1245 (63.8) | 1285 (54.7) | 377 (41.2) |
| Unknown | 2574 (8.0) | 2086 (7.7) | 188 (9.6) | 217 (9.2) | 83 (9.1) |
| Low household income | 5738 (17.8) | 3238 (11.9) | 731 (37.4) | 1172 (49.9) | 597 (65.2) |
| No. of children in household | |||||
| 1 | 6882 (21.3) | 5752 (21.2) | 394 (20.2) | 504 (21.5) | 232 (25.3) |
| 2 | 15 769 (48.8) | 13 544 (50.0) | 862 (44.2) | 993 (42.3) | 370 (40.4) |
| 3 | 7004 (21.7) | 5761 (21.3) | 479 (24.5) | 552 (23.5) | 212 (23.1) |
| ≥ 4 | 2666 (8.2) | 2048 (7.6) | 217 (11.1) | 299 (12.7) | 102 (11.1) |
| Survey cycle | |||||
| 2005 | 6195 (19.2) | 5094 (18.8) | 395 (20.2) | 496 (21.1) | 210 (22.9) |
| 2007–2008 | 7094 (21.9) | 6029 (22.3) | 429 (22.0) | 431 (18.4) | 205 (22.4) |
| 2009–2010 | 7761 (24.0) | 6545 (24.1) | 478 (24.5) | 530 (22.6) | 208 (22.7) |
| 2011–2012 | 7526 (23.3) | 6323 (23.3) | 431 (22.1) | 584 (24.9) | 188 (20.5) |
| 2013–2014 | 3745 (11.6) | 3114 (11.5) | 219 (11.2) | 307 (13.1) | 105 (11.5) |