RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Effect of dietary pulse intake on established therapeutic lipid targets for cardiovascular risk reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
JF Canadian Medical Association Journal
JO CMAJ
FD Canadian Medical Association
SP cmaj.131727
DO 10.1503/cmaj.131727
A1 Vanessa Ha
A1 John L. Sievenpiper
A1 Russell J. de Souza
A1 Viranda H. Jayalath
A1 Arash Mirrahimi
A1 Arnav Agarwal
A1 Laura Chiavaroli
A1 Sonia Blanco Mejia
A1 Frank M. Sacks
A1 Marco Di Buono
A1 Adam M. Bernstein
A1 Lawrence A. Leiter
A1 Penny M. Kris-Etherton
A1 Vladimir Vuksan
A1 Richard P. Bazinet
A1 Robert G. Josse
A1 Joseph Beyene
A1 Cyril W.C. Kendall
A1 David J.A. Jenkins
YR 2014
UL http://www.cmaj.ca/content/early/2014/04/07/cmaj.131727.abstract
AB Background: Evidence from controlled trials encourages the intake of dietary pulses (beans, chickpeas, lentils and peas) as a method of improving dyslipidemia, but heart health guidelines have stopped short of ascribing specific benefits to this type of intervention or have graded the beneficial evidence as low. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of dietary pulse intake on established therapeutic lipid targets for cardiovascular risk reduction. Methods: We searched electronic databases and bibliographies of selected trials for relevant articles published through Feb. 5, 2014. We included RCTs of at least 3 weeks' duration that compared a diet emphasizing dietary pulse intake with an isocaloric diet that did not include dietary pulses. The lipid targets investigated were low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol. We pooled data using a randomeffects model. Results: We identified 26 RCTs (n = 1037) that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Diets emphasizing dietary pulse intake at a median dose of 130 g/d (about 1 serving daily) significantly lowered LDL cholesterol levels compared with the control diets (mean difference –0.17 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval –0.25 to –0.09 mmol/L). Treatment effects on apolipoprotein B and non-HDL cholesterol were not observed. Interpretation: Our findings suggest that dietary pulse intake significantly reduces LDL cholesterol levels. Trials of longer duration and higher quality are needed to verify these results. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT01594567