Figure 2: Upper temperature limits for Ixodes scapularis establishment in Canada, based on mathematical models. The graph shows the current upper geographic limits and projected limits for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s, assuming continuous population growth, regionally oriented economic development and no reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Upper and lower model-derived confidence limits are mapped as coloured lines around the black lines. Modified, with permission, from Elsevier (Int J Parasitol 2006;36: 63–70).13