Review
Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians
Edoardo G. Giannini, Roberto Testa and Vincenzo Savarino
CMAJ February 01, 2005 172 (3) 367-379; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.1040752
Edoardo G. Giannini
Roberto Testa
- © 2005 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors
Abstract
ISOLATED ALTERATIONS OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF LIVER DAMAGE in a seemingly healthy patient can present a challenge for the clinician. In this review we provide a guide to interpreting alterations to liver enzyme levels. The functional anatomy of the liver and pathophysiology of liver enzyme alteration are briefly reviewed. Using a schematic approach that classifies enzyme alterations as predominantly hepatocellular or predominantly cholestatic, we review abnormal enzymatic activity within the 2 subgroups, the most common causes of enzyme alteration and suggested initial investigations.
In this issue
Article tools
Respond to this article
Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians
Edoardo G. Giannini, Roberto Testa, Vincenzo Savarino
CMAJ Feb 2005, 172 (3) 367-379; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.1040752
Jump to section
Related Articles
Cited By...
- Elevated aminotransferases in a 62-year-old woman
- Proteomic aging clock predicts mortality and risk of common age-related diseases in diverse populations
- Identification of hepatocyte immune response in Autoimmune Hepatitis from human plasma cfChIP-seq
- Paracetamol overdose in children: management following an initial N-acetylcysteine regimen
- Immune-mediated herb-induced liver injury: a potential association with herbal artemisinin use as supported by the updated RUCAM
- Heterogeneous aging across multiple organ systems and prediction of chronic disease and mortality
- Dysregulated cysteine metabolism leads to worsened liver pathology in diabetes-tuberculosis comorbid mice
- Paracetamol overdose in children: management following an initial N-acetylcysteine regimen
- Kinetic modeling of transaminase values distinguishes active liver inflammation from resolution independent of absolute enzyme levels
- Trends in indirect liver function marker testing in Wales from 2000 to 2017 and their association with age and sex: an observational study
- Metabolic dysfunction-related liver disease as a risk factor for cancer
- SEC is an anti-angiogenic virulence factor that promotes Staphylococcus aureus Infective Endocarditis Independent of Superantigen Activity
- Dietary intervention improves health metrics and life expectancy of the genetically obese DU6 (Titan) mouse
- A synthetic receptor platform enables rapid and portable monitoring of liver dysfunction via engineered bacteria
- Adverse drug effects related to multiday ketamine infusions: multicenter study
- ChIP-seq of plasma cell-free nucleosomes identifies cell-of-origin gene expression programs
- Phosphoprotein-based biomarkers as predictors for cancer therapy
- Multi-Omic Analysis Reveals Cannabidiol Disruption of Cholesterol Homeostasis in Human Cell Lines
- Malignant liver cancers have distinct myeloid-derived suppressor cell signatures
- Correlation of bile acids and aspartate-aminotransferase with outcomes in cholestasis of pregnancy
- Wilson disease: a diagnostic challenge in a patient with alcoholic liver disease
- Major reductions in unnecessary aspartate aminotransferase and blood urea nitrogen tests with a quality improvement initiative
- The effect of liver enzymes on body composition: a Mendelian randomization study
- Expression Signatures of Cisplatin- and Trametinib-Treated Early-Stage Medaka Melanomas
- Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and liver enzymes in adults: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan
- The effect of liver enzymes on adiposity: a Mendelian randomization study
- Exclusive dependence of IL-10R{alpha} signalling on intestinal microbiota homeostasis and control of whipworm infection
- Machine characterization of rat toxin responses identifies disease states, tolerance mechanisms and organ to whole-body communication
- Unsupervised identification of disease states from high-dimensional physiological and histopathological profiles
- Human hepatocyte depletion in the presence of HIV-1 infection in dual reconstituted humanized mice
- From Genotype to Phenotype: Nonsense Variants in SLC13A1 Are Associated with Decreased Serum Sulfate and Increased Serum Aminotransferases
- Tryptophan Intake in the US Adult Population Is Not Related to Liver or Kidney Function but Is Associated with Depression and Sleep Outcomes
- The Effect of Hepatic Impairment on Outcomes in Phase I Clinical Trials in Cancer Subjects
- Dietary Zinc Regulates Apoptosis through the Phosphorylated Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2{alpha}/Activating Transcription Factor-4/C/EBP-Homologous Protein Pathway during Pharmacologically Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Livers of Mice
- Compared with Powdered Lutein, a Lutein Nanoemulsion Increases Plasma and Liver Lutein, Protects against Hepatic Steatosis, and Affects Lipoprotein Metabolism in Guinea Pigs
- Association between liver enzymes and incident type 2 diabetes in Singapore Chinese men and women
- The association of coffee intake with liver cancer risk is mediated by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury: data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
- Blood alanine aminotransferase levels >1,000 IU/l - causes and outcomes
- What is the best strategy for investigating abnormal liver function tests in primary care? Implications from a prospective study
- Effect of a dietary-induced weight loss on liver enzymes in obese subjects
- The associations between height components (leg and trunk length) and adult levels of liver enzymes
- Best practice in primary care pathology: review 5