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CMAJ • June 10, 2003; 168 (12)
© 2003 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors


Letters
Correspondance

Investigating CAM

L. John Hoffer

Sir Mortimer B. Davis – Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Que.

I applaud Lloyd Oppel's objection to wasting money testing highly implausible therapies, but it seems to me that he is missing the bigger picture. Important new ideas often seem implausible at their inception. The goal of therapeutic research should be to generate important, novel (and hence, at the outset, implausible) ideas, find out which of them may actually be correct, and then gather definitive evidence one way or the other. My article1 outlined a practical, low-cost strategy for determining which complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) approaches are plausible enough to justify a thorough and fair evaluation.

Government and nongovernment funding agencies have taken the position that CAM merits evaluation. Furthermore, CAM may infuse important new ideas into medicine at a time when much of our mainstream therapeutic research agenda serves the pharmaceutical industry.

Glucosamine sulfate is a safe, inexpensive and potentially useful therapy for osteoarthritis2 that is especially interesting because it is clinically plausible but biologically implausible. We recently proposed that sulfate, rather than glucosamine, could mediate its beneficial effects.3

Oppel cites 2 negative RCTs of St. John's wort in depression. The first was restricted to patients with severe, chronic depression, and its authors suggested that people with milder and less chronic disease might have done better.4 In the second trial, also restricted to patients with major depression, St. John's wort fared no worse than the established treatment, sertraline.5 One might conclude that severely depressed patients — especially those referred to specialty units and in whom standard antidepressants fail — are unlikely to respond to St. John's wort.

Oppel misunderstands my point about the role of plausibility in setting standards of evidence. If is often said that there is no difference between CAM and conventional therapies; rather, there are only therapies that either work or don't work. The reality is that scientifically oriented physicians accept a lower standard of evidence for adopting a therapy they consider scientifically plausible.

L. John Hoffer Sir Mortimer B. Davis – Jewish General Hospital Montréal, Que.

References

  1. Hoffer LJ. Complementary or alternative medicine: the need for plausibility [editorial]. CMAJ 2003; 168 (2):180-2.[Free Full Text]
  2. Pavelka K, Gatterova J, Olejarova M, Machacek S, Giacovelli G, Rovati LC. Glucosamine sulfate use and delay of progression of knee osteoarthritis: a 3-year, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Arch Intern Med 2002;162: 2113-23.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  3. Hoffer LJ, Kaplan LN, Hamadeh MJ, Grigoriu AC, Baron M. Sulfate could mediate the therapeutic effect of glucosamine sulfate. Metabolism 2001;50:767-70.[Medline]
  4. Shelton RC, Keller MB, Gelenberg A, Dunner DL, Hirschfeld R, Thase ME, et al. Effectiveness of St. John's wort in major depression: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001;285: 1978-86.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  5. Hypericum Depression Trial Study Group. Effect of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) in major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;287:1807-14.[Abstract/Free Full Text]



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A razor-sharp mind doesn't waste words
Dr.Herbert Nehrlich
CMAJ, 17 Jun 2003 [Full text]

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